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+########################################################################
+#
+# Arduino command line tools Makefile
+# System part (i.e. project independent)
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2010 Martin Oldfield <m@mjo.tc>, based on work that is
+# Copyright Nicholas Zambetti, David A. Mellis & Hernando Barragan
+# 
+# This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
+# published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the
+# License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# Adapted from Arduino 0011 Makefile by M J Oldfield
+#
+# Original Arduino adaptation by mellis, eighthave, oli.keller
+#
+# Version 0.1  17.ii.2009  M J Oldfield
+#
+#         0.2  22.ii.2009  M J Oldfield
+#                          - fixes so that the Makefile actually works!
+#                          - support for uploading via ISP
+#                          - orthogonal choices of using the Arduino for
+#                            tools, libraries and uploading
+#
+#         0.3  21.v.2010   M J Oldfield
+#                          - added proper license statement
+#                          - added code from Philip Hands to reset
+#                            Arduino prior to upload
+#
+#         0.4  25.v.2010   M J Oldfield
+#                          - tweaked reset target on Philip Hands' advice
+#
+#         0.5  23.iii.2011 Stefan Tomanek
+#                          - added ad-hoc library building
+#              17.v.2011   M J Oldfield
+#                          - grabbed said version from Ubuntu
+#
+#         0.6  22.vi.2011  M J Oldfield
+#                          - added ard-parse-boards supports
+#                          - added -lc to linker opts, 
+#                            on Fabien Le Lez's advice
+#
+########################################################################
+#
+# STANDARD ARDUINO WORKFLOW
+#
+# Given a normal sketch directory, all you need to do is to create
+# a small Makefile which defines a few things, and then includes this one.
+#
+# For example:
+#
+#       ARDUINO_DIR  = /Applications/arduino-0013
+#
+#       TARGET       = CLItest
+#       ARDUINO_LIBS = LiquidCrystal
+#
+#       BOARD_TAG    = uno
+#       ARDUINO_PORT = /dev/cu.usb*
+#
+#       include /usr/local/share/Arduino.mk
+#
+# Hopefully these will be self-explanatory but in case they're not:
+#
+#    ARDUINO_DIR  - Where the Arduino software has been unpacked
+#    TARGET       - The basename used for the final files. Canonically
+#                   this would match the .pde file, but it's not needed
+#                   here: you could always set it to xx if you wanted!
+#    ARDUINO_LIBS - A list of any libraries used by the sketch (we assume
+#                   these are in $(ARDUINO_DIR)/hardware/libraries
+#    ARDUINO_PORT - The port where the Arduino can be found (only needed
+#                   when uploading
+#    BOARD_TAG    - The ard-parse-boards tag for the board e.g. uno or mega
+#                   'make show_boards' shows a list
+#
+# You might also want to specify these, but normally they'll be read from the
+# boards.txt file i.e. implied by BOARD_TAG
+#
+#    MCU,F_CPU    - The target processor description
+#
+# Once this file has been created the typical workflow is just
+#
+#   $ make upload
+#
+# All of the object files are created in the build-cli subdirectory
+# All sources should be in the current directory and can include:
+#  - at most one .pde file which will be treated as C++ after the standard
+#    Arduino header and footer have been affixed.
+#  - any number of .c, .cpp, .s and .h files
+#
+# Included libraries are built in the build-cli/libs subdirectory.
+#
+# Besides make upload you can also
+#   make             - no upload
+#   make clean       - remove all our dependencies
+#   make depends     - update dependencies
+#   make reset       - reset the Arduino by tickling DTR on the serial port
+#   make raw_upload  - upload without first resetting
+#   make show_boards - list all the boards defined in boards.txt
+#
+########################################################################
+#
+# ARDUINO WITH OTHER TOOLS
+#
+# If the tools aren't in the Arduino distribution, then you need to 
+# specify their location:
+#
+#    AVR_TOOLS_PATH = /usr/bin
+#    AVRDUDE_CONF   = /etc/avrdude/avrdude.conf
+#
+########################################################################
+#
+# ARDUINO WITH ISP
+#
+# You need to specify some details of your ISP programmer and might
+# also need to specify the fuse values:
+#
+#     ISP_PROG	   = -c stk500v2
+#     ISP_PORT     = /dev/ttyACM0
+#
+# You might also need to set the fuse bits, but typically they'll be
+# read from boards.txt, based on the BOARD_TAG variable:
+#     
+#     ISP_LOCK_FUSE_PRE  = 0x3f
+#     ISP_LOCK_FUSE_POST = 0xcf
+#     ISP_HIGH_FUSE      = 0xdf
+#     ISP_LOW_FUSE       = 0xff
+#     ISP_EXT_FUSE       = 0x01
+#
+# I think the fuses here are fine for uploading to the ATmega168
+# without bootloader.
+# 
+# To actually do this upload use the ispload target:
+#
+#    make ispload
+#
+#
+########################################################################
+# Some paths
+#
+
+ifneq (ARDUINO_DIR,)
+
+ifndef AVR_TOOLS_PATH
+AVR_TOOLS_PATH    = $(ARDUINO_DIR)/hardware/tools/avr/bin
+endif
+
+ifndef ARDUINO_ETC_PATH
+ARDUINO_ETC_PATH  = $(ARDUINO_DIR)/hardware/tools/avr/etc
+endif
+
+ifndef AVRDUDE_CONF
+AVRDUDE_CONF     = $(ARDUINO_ETC_PATH)/avrdude.conf
+endif
+
+ARDUINO_LIB_PATH  = $(ARDUINO_DIR)/libraries
+ARDUINO_CORE_PATH = $(ARDUINO_DIR)/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino
+
+endif
+
+########################################################################
+# boards.txt parsing
+#
+ifndef BOARD_TAG
+BOARD_TAG   = uno
+endif
+
+ifndef BOARDS_TXT
+BOARDS_TXT  = $(ARDUINO_DIR)/hardware/arduino/boards.txt
+endif
+
+ifndef PARSE_BOARD
+PARSE_BOARD = ard-parse-boards --boards_txt=$(BOARDS_TXT)
+endif
+
+# processor stuff
+ifndef MCU
+MCU   = $(shell $(PARSE_BOARD) $(BOARD_TAG) build.mcu)
+endif
+
+ifndef F_CPU
+F_CPU = $(shell $(PARSE_BOARD) $(BOARD_TAG) build.f_cpu)
+endif
+
+# normal programming info
+ifndef AVRDUDE_ARD_PROGRAMMER
+AVRDUDE_ARD_PROGRAMMER = $(shell $(PARSE_BOARD) $(BOARD_TAG) upload.protocol)
+endif
+
+ifndef AVRDUDE_ARD_BAUDRATE
+AVRDUDE_ARD_BAUDRATE   = $(shell $(PARSE_BOARD) $(BOARD_TAG) upload.speed)
+endif
+
+# fuses if you're using e.g. ISP
+ifndef ISP_LOCK_FUSE_PRE
+ISP_LOCK_FUSE_PRE  = $(shell $(PARSE_BOARD) $(BOARD_TAG) bootloader.unlock_bits)
+endif
+
+ifndef ISP_LOCK_FUSE_POST
+ISP_LOCK_FUSE_POST = $(shell $(PARSE_BOARD) $(BOARD_TAG) bootloader.lock_bits)
+endif
+
+ifndef ISP_HIGH_FUSE
+ISP_HIGH_FUSE      = $(shell $(PARSE_BOARD) $(BOARD_TAG) bootloader.high_fuses)
+endif
+
+ifndef ISP_LOW_FUSE
+ISP_LOW_FUSE       = $(shell $(PARSE_BOARD) $(BOARD_TAG) bootloader.low_fuses)
+endif
+
+ifndef ISP_EXT_FUSE
+ISP_EXT_FUSE       = $(shell $(PARSE_BOARD) $(BOARD_TAG) bootloader.extended_fuses)
+endif
+
+
+
+
+# Everything gets built in here
+OBJDIR  	  = build-cli
+
+########################################################################
+# Local sources
+#
+LOCAL_C_SRCS    = $(wildcard *.c)
+LOCAL_CPP_SRCS  = $(wildcard *.cpp)
+LOCAL_CC_SRCS   = $(wildcard *.cc)
+LOCAL_PDE_SRCS  = $(wildcard *.pde)
+LOCAL_AS_SRCS   = $(wildcard *.S)
+LOCAL_OBJ_FILES = $(LOCAL_C_SRCS:.c=.o) $(LOCAL_CPP_SRCS:.cpp=.o) \
+		$(LOCAL_CC_SRCS:.cc=.o) $(LOCAL_PDE_SRCS:.pde=.o) \
+		$(LOCAL_AS_SRCS:.S=.o)
+LOCAL_OBJS      = $(patsubst %,$(OBJDIR)/%,$(LOCAL_OBJ_FILES))
+
+# Dependency files
+DEPS            = $(LOCAL_OBJS:.o=.d)
+
+# core sources
+ifeq ($(strip $(NO_CORE)),)
+ifdef ARDUINO_CORE_PATH
+CORE_C_SRCS     = $(wildcard $(ARDUINO_CORE_PATH)/*.c)
+CORE_CPP_SRCS   = $(wildcard $(ARDUINO_CORE_PATH)/*.cpp)
+CORE_OBJ_FILES  = $(CORE_C_SRCS:.c=.o) $(CORE_CPP_SRCS:.cpp=.o)
+CORE_OBJS       = $(patsubst $(ARDUINO_CORE_PATH)/%,  \
+			$(OBJDIR)/%,$(CORE_OBJ_FILES))
+endif
+endif
+
+# all the objects!
+OBJS            = $(LOCAL_OBJS) $(CORE_OBJS) $(LIB_OBJS)
+
+########################################################################
+# Rules for making stuff
+#
+
+# The name of the main targets
+TARGET_HEX = $(OBJDIR)/$(TARGET).hex
+TARGET_ELF = $(OBJDIR)/$(TARGET).elf
+TARGETS    = $(OBJDIR)/$(TARGET).*
+
+# A list of dependencies
+DEP_FILE   = $(OBJDIR)/depends.mk
+
+# Names of executables
+CC      = $(AVR_TOOLS_PATH)/avr-gcc
+CXX     = $(AVR_TOOLS_PATH)/avr-g++
+OBJCOPY = $(AVR_TOOLS_PATH)/avr-objcopy
+OBJDUMP = $(AVR_TOOLS_PATH)/avr-objdump
+AR      = $(AVR_TOOLS_PATH)/avr-ar
+SIZE    = $(AVR_TOOLS_PATH)/avr-size
+NM      = $(AVR_TOOLS_PATH)/avr-nm
+REMOVE  = rm -f
+MV      = mv -f
+CAT     = cat
+ECHO    = echo
+
+# General arguments
+SYS_LIBS      = $(patsubst %,$(ARDUINO_LIB_PATH)/%,$(ARDUINO_LIBS))
+SYS_INCLUDES  = $(patsubst %,-I%,$(SYS_LIBS))
+SYS_OBJS      = $(wildcard $(patsubst %,%/*.o,$(SYS_LIBS)))
+LIB_SRC       = $(wildcard $(patsubst %,%/*.cpp,$(SYS_LIBS)))
+LIB_OBJS      = $(patsubst $(ARDUINO_LIB_PATH)/%.cpp,$(OBJDIR)/libs/%.o,$(LIB_SRC))
+
+CPPFLAGS      = -mmcu=$(MCU) -DF_CPU=$(F_CPU) \
+			-I. -I$(ARDUINO_CORE_PATH) \
+			$(SYS_INCLUDES) -g -Os -w -Wall \
+			-ffunction-sections -fdata-sections
+CFLAGS        = -std=gnu99
+CXXFLAGS      = -fno-exceptions
+ASFLAGS       = -mmcu=$(MCU) -I. -x assembler-with-cpp
+LDFLAGS       = -mmcu=$(MCU) -lm -Wl,--gc-sections -Os
+
+# Rules for making a CPP file from the main sketch (.cpe)
+PDEHEADER     = \\\#include \"WProgram.h\"
+
+# Expand and pick the first port
+ARD_PORT      = $(firstword $(wildcard $(ARDUINO_PORT)))
+
+# Implicit rules for building everything (needed to get everything in
+# the right directory)
+#
+# Rather than mess around with VPATH there are quasi-duplicate rules
+# here for building e.g. a system C++ file and a local C++
+# file. Besides making things simpler now, this would also make it
+# easy to change the build options in future
+
+# library sources
+$(OBJDIR)/libs/%.o: $(ARDUINO_LIB_PATH)/%.cpp
+	mkdir -p $(dir $@)
+	$(CC) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
+
+# normal local sources
+# .o rules are for objects, .d for dependency tracking
+# there seems to be an awful lot of duplication here!!!
+$(OBJDIR)/%.o: %.c
+	$(CC) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.o: %.cc
+	$(CXX) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -o $@
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.o: %.cpp
+	$(CXX) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -o $@
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.o: %.S
+	$(CC) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.o: %.s
+	$(CC) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -o $@
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.d: %.c
+	$(CC) -MM $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $< -MF $@ -MT $(@:.d=.o)
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.d: %.cc
+	$(CXX) -MM $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -MF $@ -MT $(@:.d=.o)
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.d: %.cpp
+	$(CXX) -MM $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -MF $@ -MT $(@:.d=.o)
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.d: %.S
+	$(CC) -MM $(CPPFLAGS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -MF $@ -MT $(@:.d=.o)
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.d: %.s
+	$(CC) -MM $(CPPFLAGS) $(ASFLAGS) $< -MF $@ -MT $(@:.d=.o)
+
+# the pde -> cpp -> o file
+$(OBJDIR)/%.cpp: %.pde
+	$(ECHO) $(PDEHEADER) > $@
+	$(CAT)  $< >> $@
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.o: $(OBJDIR)/%.cpp
+	$(CXX) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -o $@
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.d: $(OBJDIR)/%.cpp
+	$(CXX) -MM $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -MF $@ -MT $(@:.d=.o)
+
+# core files
+$(OBJDIR)/%.o: $(ARDUINO_CORE_PATH)/%.c
+	$(CC) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.o: $(ARDUINO_CORE_PATH)/%.cpp
+	$(CXX) -c $(CPPFLAGS) $(CXXFLAGS) $< -o $@
+
+# various object conversions
+$(OBJDIR)/%.hex: $(OBJDIR)/%.elf
+	$(OBJCOPY) -O ihex -R .eeprom $< $@
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.eep: $(OBJDIR)/%.elf
+	-$(OBJCOPY) -j .eeprom --set-section-flags=.eeprom="alloc,load" \
+		--change-section-lma .eeprom=0 -O ihex $< $@
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.lss: $(OBJDIR)/%.elf
+	$(OBJDUMP) -h -S $< > $@
+
+$(OBJDIR)/%.sym: $(OBJDIR)/%.elf
+	$(NM) -n $< > $@
+
+########################################################################
+#
+# Avrdude
+#
+ifndef AVRDUDE
+AVRDUDE          = $(AVR_TOOLS_PATH)/avrdude
+endif
+
+AVRDUDE_COM_OPTS = -q -V -p $(MCU)
+ifdef AVRDUDE_CONF
+AVRDUDE_COM_OPTS += -C $(AVRDUDE_CONF)
+endif
+
+AVRDUDE_ARD_OPTS = -c $(AVRDUDE_ARD_PROGRAMMER) -b $(AVRDUDE_ARD_BAUDRATE) -P $(ARD_PORT)
+
+ifndef ISP_PROG
+ISP_PROG	   = -c stk500v2
+endif
+
+AVRDUDE_ISP_OPTS = -P $(ISP_PORT) $(ISP_PROG)
+
+
+########################################################################
+#
+# Explicit targets start here
+#
+
+all: 		$(OBJDIR) $(TARGET_HEX)
+
+$(OBJDIR):
+		mkdir $(OBJDIR)
+
+$(TARGET_ELF): 	$(OBJS)
+		$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $(OBJS) $(SYS_OBJS) -lc
+
+$(DEP_FILE):	$(OBJDIR) $(DEPS)
+		cat $(DEPS) > $(DEP_FILE)
+
+upload:		reset raw_upload
+
+raw_upload:	$(TARGET_HEX)
+		$(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDE_COM_OPTS) $(AVRDUDE_ARD_OPTS) \
+			-U flash:w:$(TARGET_HEX):i
+
+# stty on MacOS likes -F, but on Debian it likes -f redirecting
+# stdin/out appears to work but generates a spurious error on MacOS at
+# least. Perhaps it would be better to just do it in perl ?
+reset:		
+		for STTYF in 'stty --file' 'stty -f' 'stty <' ; \
+		  do $$STTYF /dev/tty >/dev/null 2>/dev/null && break ; \
+		done ;\
+		$$STTYF $(ARD_PORT)  hupcl ;\
+		(sleep 0.1 || sleep 1)     ;\
+		$$STTYF $(ARD_PORT) -hupcl 
+
+ispload:	$(TARGET_HEX)
+		$(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDE_COM_OPTS) $(AVRDUDE_ISP_OPTS) -e \
+			-U lock:w:$(ISP_LOCK_FUSE_PRE):m \
+			-U hfuse:w:$(ISP_HIGH_FUSE):m \
+			-U lfuse:w:$(ISP_LOW_FUSE):m \
+			-U efuse:w:$(ISP_EXT_FUSE):m
+		$(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDE_COM_OPTS) $(AVRDUDE_ISP_OPTS) -D \
+			-U flash:w:$(TARGET_HEX):i
+		$(AVRDUDE) $(AVRDUDE_COM_OPTS) $(AVRDUDE_ISP_OPTS) \
+			-U lock:w:$(ISP_LOCK_FUSE_POST):m
+
+clean:
+		$(REMOVE) $(OBJS) $(TARGETS) $(DEP_FILE) $(DEPS)
+
+depends:	$(DEPS)
+		cat $(DEPS) > $(DEP_FILE)
+
+show_boards:	
+		$(PARSE_BOARD) --boards
+
+.PHONY:	all clean depends upload raw_upload reset show_boards
+
+include $(DEP_FILE)