/* * Copyright (C) 2003-2015 The Music Player Daemon Project * http://www.musicpd.org * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or * (at your option) any later version. * * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the * GNU General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. */ #include "config.h" #include "AlsaOutputPlugin.hxx" #include "../OutputAPI.hxx" #include "../Wrapper.hxx" #include "mixer/MixerList.hxx" #include "pcm/PcmExport.hxx" #include "config/ConfigError.hxx" #include "util/Manual.hxx" #include "util/Error.hxx" #include "util/Domain.hxx" #include "util/ConstBuffer.hxx" #include "Log.hxx" #include #include #if SND_LIB_VERSION >= 0x1001c /* alsa-lib supports DSD since version 1.0.27.1 */ #define HAVE_ALSA_DSD #endif static const char default_device[] = "default"; static constexpr unsigned MPD_ALSA_BUFFER_TIME_US = 500000; static constexpr unsigned MPD_ALSA_RETRY_NR = 5; typedef snd_pcm_sframes_t alsa_writei_t(snd_pcm_t * pcm, const void *buffer, snd_pcm_uframes_t size); struct AlsaOutput { AudioOutput base; Manual pcm_export; /** * The configured name of the ALSA device; empty for the * default device */ std::string device; /** use memory mapped I/O? */ bool use_mmap; /** * Enable DSD over PCM according to the DoP standard standard? * * @see http://dsd-guide.com/dop-open-standard */ bool dop; /** libasound's buffer_time setting (in microseconds) */ unsigned int buffer_time; /** libasound's period_time setting (in microseconds) */ unsigned int period_time; /** the mode flags passed to snd_pcm_open */ int mode; /** the libasound PCM device handle */ snd_pcm_t *pcm; /** * a pointer to the libasound writei() function, which is * snd_pcm_writei() or snd_pcm_mmap_writei(), depending on the * use_mmap configuration */ alsa_writei_t *writei; /** * The size of one audio frame passed to method play(). */ size_t in_frame_size; /** * The size of one audio frame passed to libasound. */ size_t out_frame_size; /** * The size of one period, in number of frames. */ snd_pcm_uframes_t period_frames; /** * The number of frames written in the current period. */ snd_pcm_uframes_t period_position; /** * Do we need to call snd_pcm_prepare() before the next write? * It means that we put the device to SND_PCM_STATE_SETUP by * calling snd_pcm_drop(). * * Without this flag, we could easily recover after a failed * optimistic write (returning -EBADFD), but the Raspberry Pi * audio driver is infamous for generating ugly artefacts from * this. */ bool must_prepare; /** * This buffer gets allocated after opening the ALSA device. * It contains silence samples, enough to fill one period (see * #period_frames). */ uint8_t *silence; AlsaOutput() :base(alsa_output_plugin), mode(0), writei(snd_pcm_writei) { } ~AlsaOutput() { /* free libasound's config cache */ snd_config_update_free_global(); } gcc_pure const char *GetDevice() { return device.empty() ? default_device : device.c_str(); } bool Configure(const ConfigBlock &block, Error &error); static AlsaOutput *Create(const ConfigBlock &block, Error &error); bool Enable(Error &error); void Disable(); bool Open(AudioFormat &audio_format, Error &error); void Close(); size_t Play(const void *chunk, size_t size, Error &error); void Drain(); void Cancel(); private: bool SetupDop(AudioFormat audio_format, bool *shift8_r, bool *packed_r, bool *reverse_endian_r, Error &error); bool SetupOrDop(AudioFormat &audio_format, Error &error); int Recover(int err); /** * Write silence to the ALSA device. */ void WriteSilence(snd_pcm_uframes_t nframes) { writei(pcm, silence, nframes); } }; static constexpr Domain alsa_output_domain("alsa_output"); inline bool AlsaOutput::Configure(const ConfigBlock &block, Error &error) { if (!base.Configure(block, error)) return false; device = block.GetBlockValue("device", ""); use_mmap = block.GetBlockValue("use_mmap", false); dop = block.GetBlockValue("dop", false) || /* legacy name from MPD 0.18 and older: */ block.GetBlockValue("dsd_usb", false); buffer_time = block.GetBlockValue("buffer_time", MPD_ALSA_BUFFER_TIME_US); period_time = block.GetBlockValue("period_time", 0u); #ifdef SND_PCM_NO_AUTO_RESAMPLE if (!block.GetBlockValue("auto_resample", true)) mode |= SND_PCM_NO_AUTO_RESAMPLE; #endif #ifdef SND_PCM_NO_AUTO_CHANNELS if (!block.GetBlockValue("auto_channels", true)) mode |= SND_PCM_NO_AUTO_CHANNELS; #endif #ifdef SND_PCM_NO_AUTO_FORMAT if (!block.GetBlockValue("auto_format", true)) mode |= SND_PCM_NO_AUTO_FORMAT; #endif return true; } inline AlsaOutput * AlsaOutput::Create(const ConfigBlock &block, Error &error) { AlsaOutput *ad = new AlsaOutput(); if (!ad->Configure(block, error)) { delete ad; return nullptr; } return ad; } inline bool AlsaOutput::Enable(gcc_unused Error &error) { pcm_export.Construct(); return true; } inline void AlsaOutput::Disable() { pcm_export.Destruct(); } static bool alsa_test_default_device() { snd_pcm_t *handle; int ret = snd_pcm_open(&handle, default_device, SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, SND_PCM_NONBLOCK); if (ret) { FormatError(alsa_output_domain, "Error opening default ALSA device: %s", snd_strerror(-ret)); return false; } else snd_pcm_close(handle); return true; } /** * Convert MPD's #SampleFormat enum to libasound's snd_pcm_format_t * enum. Returns SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN if there is no according ALSA * PCM format. */ static snd_pcm_format_t get_bitformat(SampleFormat sample_format) { switch (sample_format) { case SampleFormat::UNDEFINED: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN; case SampleFormat::DSD: #ifdef HAVE_ALSA_DSD return SND_PCM_FORMAT_DSD_U8; #else return SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN; #endif case SampleFormat::S8: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S8; case SampleFormat::S16: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16; case SampleFormat::S24_P32: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24; case SampleFormat::S32: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32; case SampleFormat::FLOAT: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT; } assert(false); gcc_unreachable(); } /** * Determine the byte-swapped PCM format. Returns * SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN if the format cannot be byte-swapped. */ static snd_pcm_format_t byteswap_bitformat(snd_pcm_format_t fmt) { switch (fmt) { case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_BE; case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_LE: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_BE; case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32_BE; case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_BE: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S16_LE; case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_BE: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_LE; case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3BE: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3LE; case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3LE: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3BE; case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32_BE: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S32_LE; default: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN; } } /** * Check if there is a "packed" version of the give PCM format. * Returns SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN if not. */ static snd_pcm_format_t alsa_to_packed_format(snd_pcm_format_t fmt) { switch (fmt) { case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_LE: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3LE; case SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_BE: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_S24_3BE; default: return SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN; } } /** * Attempts to configure the specified sample format. On failure, * fall back to the packed version. */ static int alsa_try_format_or_packed(snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwparams, snd_pcm_format_t fmt, bool *packed_r) { int err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format(pcm, hwparams, fmt); if (err == 0) *packed_r = false; if (err != -EINVAL) return err; fmt = alsa_to_packed_format(fmt); if (fmt == SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN) return -EINVAL; err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_format(pcm, hwparams, fmt); if (err == 0) *packed_r = true; return err; } /** * Attempts to configure the specified sample format, and tries the * reversed host byte order if was not supported. */ static int alsa_output_try_format(snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwparams, SampleFormat sample_format, bool *packed_r, bool *reverse_endian_r) { snd_pcm_format_t alsa_format = get_bitformat(sample_format); if (alsa_format == SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN) return -EINVAL; int err = alsa_try_format_or_packed(pcm, hwparams, alsa_format, packed_r); if (err == 0) *reverse_endian_r = false; if (err != -EINVAL) return err; alsa_format = byteswap_bitformat(alsa_format); if (alsa_format == SND_PCM_FORMAT_UNKNOWN) return -EINVAL; err = alsa_try_format_or_packed(pcm, hwparams, alsa_format, packed_r); if (err == 0) *reverse_endian_r = true; return err; } /** * Configure a sample format, and probe other formats if that fails. */ static int alsa_output_setup_format(snd_pcm_t *pcm, snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwparams, AudioFormat &audio_format, bool *packed_r, bool *reverse_endian_r) { /* try the input format first */ int err = alsa_output_try_format(pcm, hwparams, audio_format.format, packed_r, reverse_endian_r); /* if unsupported by the hardware, try other formats */ static constexpr SampleFormat probe_formats[] = { SampleFormat::S24_P32, SampleFormat::S32, SampleFormat::S16, SampleFormat::S8, SampleFormat::UNDEFINED, }; for (unsigned i = 0; err == -EINVAL && probe_formats[i] != SampleFormat::UNDEFINED; ++i) { const SampleFormat mpd_format = probe_formats[i]; if (mpd_format == audio_format.format) continue; err = alsa_output_try_format(pcm, hwparams, mpd_format, packed_r, reverse_endian_r); if (err == 0) audio_format.format = mpd_format; } return err; } /** * Set up the snd_pcm_t object which was opened by the caller. Set up * the configured settings and the audio format. */ static bool alsa_setup(AlsaOutput *ad, AudioFormat &audio_format, bool *packed_r, bool *reverse_endian_r, Error &error) { unsigned int sample_rate = audio_format.sample_rate; unsigned int channels = audio_format.channels; int err; const char *cmd = nullptr; unsigned retry = MPD_ALSA_RETRY_NR; unsigned int period_time, period_time_ro; unsigned int buffer_time; period_time_ro = period_time = ad->period_time; configure_hw: /* configure HW params */ snd_pcm_hw_params_t *hwparams; snd_pcm_hw_params_alloca(&hwparams); cmd = "snd_pcm_hw_params_any"; err = snd_pcm_hw_params_any(ad->pcm, hwparams); if (err < 0) goto error; if (ad->use_mmap) { err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access(ad->pcm, hwparams, SND_PCM_ACCESS_MMAP_INTERLEAVED); if (err < 0) { FormatWarning(alsa_output_domain, "Cannot set mmap'ed mode on ALSA device \"%s\": %s", ad->GetDevice(), snd_strerror(-err)); LogWarning(alsa_output_domain, "Falling back to direct write mode"); ad->use_mmap = false; } else ad->writei = snd_pcm_mmap_writei; } if (!ad->use_mmap) { cmd = "snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access"; err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_access(ad->pcm, hwparams, SND_PCM_ACCESS_RW_INTERLEAVED); if (err < 0) goto error; ad->writei = snd_pcm_writei; } err = alsa_output_setup_format(ad->pcm, hwparams, audio_format, packed_r, reverse_endian_r); if (err < 0) { error.Format(alsa_output_domain, err, "ALSA device \"%s\" does not support format %s: %s", ad->GetDevice(), sample_format_to_string(audio_format.format), snd_strerror(-err)); return false; } snd_pcm_format_t format; if (snd_pcm_hw_params_get_format(hwparams, &format) == 0) FormatDebug(alsa_output_domain, "format=%s (%s)", snd_pcm_format_name(format), snd_pcm_format_description(format)); err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_channels_near(ad->pcm, hwparams, &channels); if (err < 0) { error.Format(alsa_output_domain, err, "ALSA device \"%s\" does not support %i channels: %s", ad->GetDevice(), (int)audio_format.channels, snd_strerror(-err)); return false; } audio_format.channels = (int8_t)channels; err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_rate_near(ad->pcm, hwparams, &sample_rate, nullptr); if (err < 0 || sample_rate == 0) { error.Format(alsa_output_domain, err, "ALSA device \"%s\" does not support %u Hz audio", ad->GetDevice(), audio_format.sample_rate); return false; } audio_format.sample_rate = sample_rate; snd_pcm_uframes_t buffer_size_min, buffer_size_max; snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size_min(hwparams, &buffer_size_min); snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size_max(hwparams, &buffer_size_max); unsigned buffer_time_min, buffer_time_max; snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_time_min(hwparams, &buffer_time_min, 0); snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_time_max(hwparams, &buffer_time_max, 0); FormatDebug(alsa_output_domain, "buffer: size=%u..%u time=%u..%u", (unsigned)buffer_size_min, (unsigned)buffer_size_max, buffer_time_min, buffer_time_max); snd_pcm_uframes_t period_size_min, period_size_max; snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_min(hwparams, &period_size_min, 0); snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size_max(hwparams, &period_size_max, 0); unsigned period_time_min, period_time_max; snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_time_min(hwparams, &period_time_min, 0); snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_time_max(hwparams, &period_time_max, 0); FormatDebug(alsa_output_domain, "period: size=%u..%u time=%u..%u", (unsigned)period_size_min, (unsigned)period_size_max, period_time_min, period_time_max); if (ad->buffer_time > 0) { buffer_time = ad->buffer_time; cmd = "snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_time_near"; err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_buffer_time_near(ad->pcm, hwparams, &buffer_time, nullptr); if (err < 0) goto error; } else { err = snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_time(hwparams, &buffer_time, nullptr); if (err < 0) buffer_time = 0; } if (period_time_ro == 0 && buffer_time >= 10000) { period_time_ro = period_time = buffer_time / 4; FormatDebug(alsa_output_domain, "default period_time = buffer_time/4 = %u/4 = %u", buffer_time, period_time); } if (period_time_ro > 0) { period_time = period_time_ro; cmd = "snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_time_near"; err = snd_pcm_hw_params_set_period_time_near(ad->pcm, hwparams, &period_time, nullptr); if (err < 0) goto error; } cmd = "snd_pcm_hw_params"; err = snd_pcm_hw_params(ad->pcm, hwparams); if (err == -EPIPE && --retry > 0 && period_time_ro > 0) { period_time_ro = period_time_ro >> 1; goto configure_hw; } else if (err < 0) goto error; if (retry != MPD_ALSA_RETRY_NR) FormatDebug(alsa_output_domain, "ALSA period_time set to %d", period_time); snd_pcm_uframes_t alsa_buffer_size; cmd = "snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size"; err = snd_pcm_hw_params_get_buffer_size(hwparams, &alsa_buffer_size); if (err < 0) goto error; snd_pcm_uframes_t alsa_period_size; cmd = "snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size"; err = snd_pcm_hw_params_get_period_size(hwparams, &alsa_period_size, nullptr); if (err < 0) goto error; /* configure SW params */ snd_pcm_sw_params_t *swparams; snd_pcm_sw_params_alloca(&swparams); cmd = "snd_pcm_sw_params_current"; err = snd_pcm_sw_params_current(ad->pcm, swparams); if (err < 0) goto error; cmd = "snd_pcm_sw_params_set_start_threshold"; err = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_start_threshold(ad->pcm, swparams, alsa_buffer_size - alsa_period_size); if (err < 0) goto error; cmd = "snd_pcm_sw_params_set_avail_min"; err = snd_pcm_sw_params_set_avail_min(ad->pcm, swparams, alsa_period_size); if (err < 0) goto error; cmd = "snd_pcm_sw_params"; err = snd_pcm_sw_params(ad->pcm, swparams); if (err < 0) goto error; FormatDebug(alsa_output_domain, "buffer_size=%u period_size=%u", (unsigned)alsa_buffer_size, (unsigned)alsa_period_size); if (alsa_period_size == 0) /* this works around a SIGFPE bug that occurred when an ALSA driver indicated period_size==0; this caused a division by zero in alsa_play(). By using the fallback "1", we make sure that this won't happen again. */ alsa_period_size = 1; ad->period_frames = alsa_period_size; ad->period_position = 0; ad->silence = new uint8_t[snd_pcm_frames_to_bytes(ad->pcm, alsa_period_size)]; snd_pcm_format_set_silence(format, ad->silence, alsa_period_size * channels); return true; error: error.Format(alsa_output_domain, err, "Error opening ALSA device \"%s\" (%s): %s", ad->GetDevice(), cmd, snd_strerror(-err)); return false; } inline bool AlsaOutput::SetupDop(const AudioFormat audio_format, bool *shift8_r, bool *packed_r, bool *reverse_endian_r, Error &error) { assert(dop); assert(audio_format.format == SampleFormat::DSD); /* pass 24 bit to alsa_setup() */ AudioFormat dop_format = audio_format; dop_format.format = SampleFormat::S24_P32; dop_format.sample_rate /= 2; const AudioFormat check = dop_format; if (!alsa_setup(this, dop_format, packed_r, reverse_endian_r, error)) return false; /* if the device allows only 32 bit, shift all DoP samples left by 8 bit and leave the lower 8 bit cleared; the DSD-over-USB documentation does not specify whether this is legal, but there is anecdotical evidence that this is possible (and the only option for some devices) */ *shift8_r = dop_format.format == SampleFormat::S32; if (dop_format.format == SampleFormat::S32) dop_format.format = SampleFormat::S24_P32; if (dop_format != check) { /* no bit-perfect playback, which is required for DSD over USB */ error.Format(alsa_output_domain, "Failed to configure DSD-over-PCM on ALSA device \"%s\"", GetDevice()); delete[] silence; return false; } return true; } inline bool AlsaOutput::SetupOrDop(AudioFormat &audio_format, Error &error) { bool shift8 = false, packed, reverse_endian; const bool dop2 = dop && audio_format.format == SampleFormat::DSD; const bool success = dop2 ? SetupDop(audio_format, &shift8, &packed, &reverse_endian, error) : alsa_setup(this, audio_format, &packed, &reverse_endian, error); if (!success) return false; pcm_export->Open(audio_format.format, audio_format.channels, true, dop2, shift8, packed, reverse_endian); return true; } inline bool AlsaOutput::Open(AudioFormat &audio_format, Error &error) { int err = snd_pcm_open(&pcm, GetDevice(), SND_PCM_STREAM_PLAYBACK, mode); if (err < 0) { error.Format(alsa_output_domain, err, "Failed to open ALSA device \"%s\": %s", GetDevice(), snd_strerror(err)); return false; } FormatDebug(alsa_output_domain, "opened %s type=%s", snd_pcm_name(pcm), snd_pcm_type_name(snd_pcm_type(pcm))); if (!SetupOrDop(audio_format, error)) { snd_pcm_close(pcm); return false; } in_frame_size = audio_format.GetFrameSize(); out_frame_size = pcm_export->GetFrameSize(audio_format); must_prepare = false; return true; } inline int AlsaOutput::Recover(int err) { if (err == -EPIPE) { FormatDebug(alsa_output_domain, "Underrun on ALSA device \"%s\"", GetDevice()); } else if (err == -ESTRPIPE) { FormatDebug(alsa_output_domain, "ALSA device \"%s\" was suspended", GetDevice()); } switch (snd_pcm_state(pcm)) { case SND_PCM_STATE_PAUSED: err = snd_pcm_pause(pcm, /* disable */ 0); break; case SND_PCM_STATE_SUSPENDED: err = snd_pcm_resume(pcm); if (err == -EAGAIN) return 0; /* fall-through to snd_pcm_prepare: */ case SND_PCM_STATE_SETUP: case SND_PCM_STATE_XRUN: period_position = 0; err = snd_pcm_prepare(pcm); break; case SND_PCM_STATE_DISCONNECTED: break; /* this is no error, so just keep running */ case SND_PCM_STATE_RUNNING: err = 0; break; default: /* unknown state, do nothing */ break; } return err; } inline void AlsaOutput::Drain() { if (snd_pcm_state(pcm) != SND_PCM_STATE_RUNNING) return; if (period_position > 0) { /* generate some silence to finish the partial period */ snd_pcm_uframes_t nframes = period_frames - period_position; WriteSilence(nframes); } snd_pcm_drain(pcm); period_position = 0; } inline void AlsaOutput::Cancel() { period_position = 0; must_prepare = true; snd_pcm_drop(pcm); } inline void AlsaOutput::Close() { snd_pcm_close(pcm); delete[] silence; } inline size_t AlsaOutput::Play(const void *chunk, size_t size, Error &error) { assert(size > 0); assert(size % in_frame_size == 0); if (must_prepare) { must_prepare = false; int err = snd_pcm_prepare(pcm); if (err < 0) { error.Set(alsa_output_domain, err, snd_strerror(-err)); return 0; } } const auto e = pcm_export->Export({chunk, size}); if (e.size == 0) /* the DoP (DSD over PCM) filter converts two frames at a time and ignores the last odd frame; if there was only one frame (e.g. the last frame in the file), the result is empty; to avoid an endless loop, bail out here, and pretend the one frame has been played */ return size; chunk = e.data; size = e.size; assert(size % out_frame_size == 0); size /= out_frame_size; assert(size > 0); while (true) { snd_pcm_sframes_t ret = writei(pcm, chunk, size); if (ret > 0) { period_position = (period_position + ret) % period_frames; size_t bytes_written = ret * out_frame_size; return pcm_export->CalcSourceSize(bytes_written); } if (ret < 0 && ret != -EAGAIN && ret != -EINTR && Recover(ret) < 0) { error.Set(alsa_output_domain, ret, snd_strerror(-ret)); return 0; } } } typedef AudioOutputWrapper Wrapper; const struct AudioOutputPlugin alsa_output_plugin = { "alsa", alsa_test_default_device, &Wrapper::Init, &Wrapper::Finish, &Wrapper::Enable, &Wrapper::Disable, &Wrapper::Open, &Wrapper::Close, nullptr, nullptr, &Wrapper::Play, &Wrapper::Drain, &Wrapper::Cancel, nullptr, &alsa_mixer_plugin, };