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+The file ipc7.doc contains the MS Word version of the Mailman paper
+presented by Ken Manheimer at the 7th International Python Conference,
+held in Houston TX, November 10-13, 1998.
+
+The file ipc7.ppt contains the MS PowerPoint slides Ken used in his
+presentation.
+
+[ipc7.doc.gz and ipc7.ppt.gz are compressed with GNU gzip]
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+The file published.ps is (nearly) the PostScript of the paper
+published in Usenix LISA 98, Dec 6-11 1998, Boston MA. John Viega
+presented this paper on Dec 11, 1998.
+
+I say "nearly" because there was one minor typo in this file that was
+corrected in the final published version. Footnote 3 (page 312)
+should read:
+
+ This file may in fact reside in other locations, depending on the
+ system. For example, on many Solaris machines this file is
+ located in /etc/mail/aliases.
+
+[published.ps.gz is compressed with GNU gzip]
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+\documentclass{howto}
+
+\title{GNU Mailman - List Administration Manual}
+
+% Increment the release number whenever significant changes are made.
+% The author and/or editor can define 'significant' however they like.
+\release{1.0}
+
+% At minimum, give your name and an email address. You can include a
+% snail-mail address if you like.
+\author{Barry A. Warsaw}
+%\authoraddress{barry@zope.com}
+
+\date{\today} % XXX update before tagging release!
+\release{2.1} % software release, not documentation
+\setreleaseinfo{} % empty for final release
+\setshortversion{2.1} % major.minor only for software
+
+\begin{document}
+\maketitle
+
+% This makes the Abstract go on a separate page in the HTML version;
+% if a copyright notice is used, it should go immediately after this.
+%
+\ifhtml
+\chapter*{Front Matter\label{front}}
+\fi
+
+% Copyright statement should go here, if needed.
+% ...
+
+% The abstract should be a paragraph or two long, and describe the
+% scope of the document.
+\begin{abstract}
+\noindent
+This document describes the list administrator's interface for GNU
+Mailman 2.1. It contains information a list owner would need to
+configure their list, either through the web interface or through
+email. It also covers the moderator's interface for approving held
+messages and subscription notices, and the web interface for creating
+new mailing lists. In general, it does not cover the command line
+interface to Mailman, installing Mailman, or interacting with Mailman
+from the point of view of the user. That information is covered in
+other manuals.
+\end{abstract}
+
+\tableofcontents
+
+\section{Introduction to GNU Mailman}
+
+GNU Mailman is software that lets you manage electronic mailing lists.
+It supports a wide range of mailing list types, such as general
+discussion lists and announce-only lists. Mailman has extensive
+features for controlling the privacy of your lists, distributing your
+list as personalized postings or digests, gatewaying postings to and
+from Usenet, and providing automatic bounce detection. Mailman
+provides a built-in archiver, multiple natural languages, as well as
+advanced content and topic filtering.
+
+Mailman provides several interfaces to its functionality. Most list
+administrators will primarily use the web interface to customize their
+lists. There is also a limited email command interface to the
+administrative functions, as well as a command line interface if you
+have shell access on the Mailman server. This document does not cover
+the command line interface; see the GNU Mailman site administrator's
+manual for more details.
+
+\subsection{A List's Email Addresses}
+
+Every mailing list has a set of email addresses that messages can be
+sent to. There's always one address for posting messages to the list,
+one address that bounces will be sent to, and addresses for processing
+email commands. For example, for a mailing list called
+\var{mylist@example.com}, you'd find these addresses:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item mylist@example.com -- this is the email address people should
+ use for new postings to the list.
+
+\item mylist-join@example.com -- by sending a message to this address,
+ a new member can request subscription to the list. Both the
+ \mailheader{Subject} header and body of such a message are
+ ignored. Note that mylist-subscribe@example.com is an alias for
+ the -join address.
+
+\item mylist-leave@example.com -- by sending a message to this address,
+ a member can request unsubscription from the list. As with the
+ -join address, the \mailheader{Subject} header and body of the
+ message is ignored. Note that mylist-unsubscribe@example.com is
+ an alias for the -leave address.
+
+\item mylist-owner@example.com -- This address reaches the list owner
+ and list moderators directly.
+
+\item mylist-request@example.com -- This address reaches a mail robot
+ which processes email commands that can be used to set member
+ subscription options, as well as process other commands.
+
+\item mylist-bounces@example.com -- This address receives bounces from
+ members who's addresses have become either temporarily or
+ permanently inactive. The -bounces address is also a mail robot
+ that processes bounces and automatically disables or removes
+ members as configured in the bounce processing settings. Any
+ bounce messages that are either unrecognized, or do not seem to
+ contain member addresses, are forwarded to the list
+ administrators.
+
+\item mylist-confirm@example.com -- This address is another email
+ robot, which processes confirmation messages for subscription
+ and unsubscription requests.
+\end{itemize}
+
+There's also an -admin address which also reaches the list
+administrators, but this address only exists for compatibility with
+older versions of Mailman.
+
+\subsection{Administrative Roles}
+
+There are two primary administrative roles for each mailing list, a
+list owner and a list moderator. A list owner is allowed to change
+various settings of the list, such as the privacy and archiving
+policies, the content filtering settings, etc. The list owner is also
+allowed to subscribe or invite members, unsubscribe members, and
+change any member's subscription options.
+
+The list moderator on the other hand, is only allowed to approve or
+reject postings and subscription requests. The list moderator can
+also do things like clear a member's moderation flag, or add an
+address to a list of approved non-member posters.
+
+Normally, the list owner and list moderator are the same person. In
+fact, the list owner can always do all the tasks a list moderator can
+do. Access to both the owner's configuration pages, and the
+moderation pages are protected by the same password. However, if the
+list owner wants to delegate posting and subscription approval
+authority to other people, a separate list moderator password can be
+set, giving moderators access to the approval pages, but not the
+configuration pages. In this setup, list owners can still moderate
+the list, of course.
+
+In the sections that follow, we'll often use the terms list owner and
+list administrator interchangably, meaning both roles. When
+necessary, we'll distinguish the list moderator explicitly.
+
+\subsection{A List's Web Pages}
+
+Every mailing list is also accessible by a number of web pages. Note
+that the exact urls is configurable by the site administrator, so they
+may be different than what's described below. We'll describe the most
+common default configuration, but check with your site administrator
+or hosting service for details.
+
+Mailman provides a set of web pages that list members use to get
+information about the list, or manage their membership options. There
+are also list archive pages, for browsing an online web-based archive
+of the list traffic. These are described in more detail in the GNU
+Mailman user's manual.
+
+Mailman also provides a set of pages for configuring an individual
+list, as well as a set of pages for disposing of posting and
+subscription requests.
+
+For a mailing list called \var{mylist} hosted at the domain
+\var{lists.example.com}, you would typically access the administrative
+pages by going to \code{http://lists.example.com/mailman/admin/mylist}.
+The first time you visit this page, you will be presented with a login
+page, asking for the list owner's password. When you enter the
+password, Mailman will store a session cookie in your browser, so you
+don't have to re-authenticate for every action you want to take. This
+cookie is stored only until you exit your browser.
+
+To access the administrative requests page, you'd visit
+\code{http://lists.example.com/mailman/admindb/mylist} (note the
+\emph{admindb} url as opposed to the \emph{admin} url). Again, the
+first time you visit this page, you'll be presented with a login page,
+on which you can enter either the list moderator password or the list
+owner password. Again, a session cookie is dropped in your browser.
+Note also that if you've previously logged in as the list owner, you
+do not need to re-login to access the administrative requests page.
+
+\subsection{Basic Architectural Overview}
+
+This section will outline the basic architecture of GNU Mailman, such
+as how messages are processed by the sytem. Without going into lots
+of detail, this information will help you understand how the
+configuration options control Mailman's functionality.
+
+When mail enters the system from your mail server, it is dropped into
+one of several Mailman \emph{queues} depending on the address the
+message was sent to. For example, if your system has a mailing list
+named \var{mylist} and your domain is \var{example.com}, people can
+post messages to your list by sending them to
+\var{mylist@example.com}. These messages will be dropped into the
+\emph{incoming} queue, which is also colloquially called the
+\emph{moderate-and-munge} queue. The incoming queue is where most of
+the approval process occurs, and it's also where the message is
+prepared for sending out to the list membership.
+
+There are separate queues for the built-in archiver, the bounce
+processor, the email command processor, as well as the outgoing email
+and news queues. There's also a queue for messages generated by the
+Mailman system. Each of these queues typically has one \emph{queue
+runner} (or ``qrunner'') that processes messages in the queue. The
+qrunners are idle when there are no messages to process.
+
+Every message in the queues are represented by two files, a message
+file and a metadata file. Both of these files share the same base
+name, which is a combination of a unique hash and the Unix time that
+the message was received. The metadata file has a suffix of
+\file{.db} and the message file has a suffix of either \file{.msg} if
+stored in plain text, or \file{.pck} if stored in a more efficient
+internal representation\footnote{Specifically, a Python pickle}.
+
+As a message moves through the incoming queue, it performs various
+checks on the message, such as whether it matches one of the
+moderation criteria, or contains disallowed MIME types. Once a
+message is approved for sending to the list membership, the message is
+prepared for sending by deleting, adding, or changing message headers,
+adding footers, etc. Messages in the incoming queue may also be
+stored for appending to digests.
+
+\section{The List Configuration Pages}
+
+After logging into the list configuration pages, you'll see the
+configuration options for the list, grouped in categories. All the
+administrative pages have some common elements. In the upper section,
+you'll see two columns labeled ``Configuration Categories''. Some
+categories have sub-categories which are only visible when you click
+on the category link. The first page you see after logging in will be
+the ``General Options'' category. The specific option settings for
+each category are described below.
+
+On the right side of the top section, you'll see a column labeled
+``Other Administrative Activities''. Here you'll find some other
+things you can do to your list, as well as convenient links to the
+list information page and the list archives. Note the big ``Logout''
+link; use this if you're finished configuring your list and don't want
+to leave the session cookie active in your browser.
+
+Below this common header, you'll find a list of this category's
+configuration variables, arranged in two columns. In the left column
+is a brief description of the option, which also contains a
+``details'' link. For many of the variables, more details are
+available describing the semantics of the various available settings,
+or information on the interaction between this setting and other list
+options. Clicking on the details link brings up a page which contains
+only the information for that option, as well as a button for
+submitting your setting, and a link back to the category page.
+
+On the right side of the two-column section, you'll see the variable's
+current value. Some variables may present a limited set of values,
+via radio button or check box arrays. Other variables may present
+text entry boxes of one or multiple lines. Most variables control
+settings for the operation of the list, but others perform immediate
+actions (these are clearly labeled).
+
+At the bottom of the page, you'll find a ``Submit'' button and a
+footer with some more useful links and a few logos. Hitting the
+submit button commits your list settings, after they've been
+validated. Any invalid values will be ignored and an error message
+will be displayed at the top of the resulting page. The results page
+will always be the category page that you submitted.
+
+\subsection{The General Options Category}
+
+The General Options category is where you can set a variety of
+variables that affect basic behavior and public information. In the
+descriptions that follow, the variable name is given first, along with
+an overview and a description of what that variable controls.
+
+\subsubsection{General list personality}
+
+These variables, grouped under the general list personality section,
+control some public information about the mailing list.
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[real_name]
+ Every mailing list has both a \emph{posting name} and a \emph{real
+ name}. The posting name shows up in urls and in email addresses,
+ e.g. the \code{mylist} in \code{mylist@example.com}. The posting
+ name is always presented in lower case, with alphanumeric
+ characters and no spaces. The list's real name is used in some
+ public information and email responses, such as in the general
+ list overview. The real name can differ from the posting name by
+ case only. For example, if the posting name is \code{mylist}, the
+ real name can be \code{Posting}.
+
+\item[owner]
+ This variable contains a list of email addresses, one address per
+ line, of the list owners. These addresses are used whenever the
+ list owners need to be contacted, either by the system or by end
+ users. Often, these addresses are used in combination with the
+ \code{moderator} addresses (see below).
+
+\item[moderator]
+ This variable contains a list of email addresses, one address per
+ line, of the list moderators. These addresses are often used in
+ combination with the \code{owner} addresses. For example, when
+ you email \code{mylist-owner@example.com}, both the owner and
+ moderator addresses will receive a copy of the message.
+
+\item[description]
+ In the general list overview page, which shows you every available
+ mailing list, each list is displayed with a short description.
+ The contents of this variable is that description. Note that in
+ emails from the mailing list, this description is also used in the
+ comment section of the \mailheader{To} address. This text should
+ be relatively short and no longer than one line.
+
+\item[info]
+ This variable contains a longer description of the mailing list.
+ It is included at the top of the list's information page, and it
+ can contain HTML. However, blank lines will be automatically
+ converted into paragraph breaks. Preview your HTML though,
+ because unclosed or invalid HTML can prevent display of parts of
+ the list information page.
+
+\item[subject_prefix]
+ This is a string that will be prepended to the
+ \mailheader{Subject} header of any message posted to the list.
+ For example, if a message is posted to the list with a
+ \mailheader{Subject} like:
+
+ \begin{verbatim}
+ Subject: This is a message
+ \end{verbatim}
+
+ and the \code{subject_prefix} is \code{[My List] } (note the
+ trailing space!), then the message will be received like so:
+
+ \begin{verbatim}
+ Subject: [My List] This is a message
+ \end{verbatim}
+
+ If you leave \code{subject_prefix} empty, no prefix will be added
+ to the \mailheader{Subject}. Mailman is careful not to add a
+ prefix when the header already has one, as is the case in replies
+ for example. The prefix can also contain characters in the list's
+ preferred language. In this case, because of vagarities of the
+ email standards, you may or may not want to add a trailing space.
+
+\item[anonymous_list]
+ This variable allows you to turn on some simple anonymizing
+ features of Mailman. When you set this option to \emph{Yes},
+ Mailman will remove or replace the \mailheader{From},
+ \mailheader{Sender}, and \mailheader{Reply-To} fields of any
+ message posted to the list.
+
+ Note that this option is simply an aid for anonymization, it
+ doesn't guarantee it. For example, a poster's identity could be
+ evident in their signature, or in other mail headers, or even in
+ the style of the content of the message. There's little Mailman
+ can do about this kind of identity leakage.
+\end{description}
+
+\subsubsection{Reply-To header munging}
+
+This section controls what happens to the \mailheader{Reply-To}
+headers of messages posted through your list.
+
+Beware! \mailheader{Reply-To} munging is considered a religious issue
+and the policies you set here can ignite some of the most heated
+off-topic flame wars on your mailing lists. We'll try to stay as
+agnostic as possible, but our biases may still peak through.
+
+\mailheader{Reply-To} is a header that is commonly used to redirect
+replies to messages. Exactly what happens when your uses reply to
+such a message depends on the mail readers your users use, and what
+functions they provide. Usually, there is both a ``reply to sender''
+button and a ``reply to all'' button. If people use these buttons
+correctly, you will probably never need to munge
+\mailheader{Reply-To}, so the default values should be fine.
+
+Since an informed decision is always best, here are links to two
+articles that discuss the opposing viewpoints in great detail:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+
+\item \ulink{Reply-To Munging Considered
+ Harmful}{http://www.unicom.com/pw/reply-to-harmful.html}
+\item \ulink{Reply-To Munging Considered
+ Useful}{http://www.metasystema.org/essays/reply-to-useful.mhtml}
+
+\end{itemize}
+
+The three options in this section work together to provide enough
+flexibility to do whatever \mailheader{Reply-To} munging you might
+(misguidingly :) feel you need to do.
+
+\begin{description}
+
+\item[first_strip_reply_to]
+ This variable controls whether any \mailheader{Reply-To} header
+ already present in the posted message should get removed before
+ any other munging occurs. Stripping this header will be done
+ regardless of whether or not Mailman will add its own
+ \mailheader{Reply-To} header to the message.
+
+ If this option is set to \emph{No}, then any existing
+ \mailheader{Reply-To} header will be retained in the posted
+ message. If Mailman adds its own header, it will contain
+ addresses which are the union of the original header and the
+ Mailman added addresses. The mail standards specify that a
+ message may only have one \mailheader{Reply-To} header, but that
+ that header may contain multiple addresses.
+
+\item[reply_goes_to_list]
+ This variable controls whether Mailman will add its own
+ \mailheader{Reply-To} header, and if so, what the value of that
+ header will be (not counting original header stripping -- see
+ above).
+
+ When you set this variable to \emph{Poster}, no additional
+ \mailheader{Reply-To} header will be added by Mailman. This
+ setting is strongly recommended.
+
+ When you set this variable to \emph{This list}, a
+ \mailheader{Reply-To} header pointing back to your list's posting
+ address will be added.
+
+ When you set this variable to \emph{Explicit address}, the value
+ of the variable \code{reply_to_address} (see below) will be
+ added. Note that this is one situation where
+ \mailheader{Reply-To} munging may have a legitimate purpose. Say
+ you have two lists at your site, an announce list and a discussion
+ list. The announce list might allow postings only from a small
+ number of approved users; the general list membership probably
+ can't post to this list. But you want to allow comments on
+ announcements to be posted to the general discussion list by any
+ list member. In this case, you can set the \mailheader{Reply-To}
+ header for the announce list to point to the discussion list's
+ posting address.
+
+\item[reply_to_address]
+ This is the address that will be added in the
+ \mailheader{Reply-To} header if \code{reply_goes_to_list} is set
+ to \emph{Explicit address}.
+
+\end{description}
+
+\subsubsection{Umbrella list settings}
+
+TBD. Note that umbrella lists are deprecated and will be replace with
+a better mechanism for Mailman 3.0.
+
+\subsubsection{Notifications}
+
+Mailman sends notifications to the list administrators or list members
+under a number of different circumstances. Most of these
+notifications can be configured in this section, but see the Bounce
+Processing and Auto-responder categories for other notifications that
+Mailman can send.
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[send_reminders]
+ By default Mailman sends all list members a monthly password
+ reminder. This notice serves two purposes. First, it reminds
+ people about all the lists they may be subscribed to on this
+ domain, including the lists where their subscription may be
+ disabled. Second, it reminds people about their passwords for
+ these lists, as well as the url for their personal options pages,
+ so that they can more easily configure their subscription options.
+
+ Some people get annoyed with these monthly reminders, and they can
+ disable the reminders via their subscription options page. For
+ some lists, the monthly reminders aren't appropriate for any of
+ the members, so you can disable them list-wide by setting the
+ \code{send_reminders} variable to \emph{No}.
+
+\item[welcome_msg]
+ When new members are subscribed to the list, either by their own
+ action, or the action of a list administrator, a welcome message
+ can be sent to them. The welcome message contains some common
+ boilerplate information, such as the name of the list,
+ instructions for posting to the list, and the member's
+ subscription password. You can add additional information to the
+ welcome message by typing the text into the \code{welcome_msg}
+ text box. Note that because this text is sent as part of an
+ email, it should \strong{not} contain HTML.
+
+\item[send_welcome_msg]
+ This flag controls whether or not the welcome message is sent to
+ new subscribers.
+
+\item[goodbye_msg]
+ Like the \code{welcome_msg}, a ``goodbye'' message can be sent to
+ members when they unsubscribe from the list. Unlike the welcome
+ message, there's no boilerplate for the goodbye message. Enter
+ the entire goodbye message you'd like unsubscribing members to
+ receive into the \code{goodbye_msg} text box.
+
+\item[send_goodbye_msg]
+ This flag controls whether or not the goodbye message is sent to
+ unsubscribing members.
+
+\item[admin_immed_notify]
+ List moderators get notifications of pending administrative
+ actions, such as subscription or unsubscription requests that
+ require moderator approval, or posted messages that are being held
+ for moderator approval. List moderators will always get a daily
+ summary of such pending requests, but they can also get immediate
+ notifications when such a request is made. The
+ \code{admin_immed_notify} variable controls whether these
+ immediate notifications are sent or not. It's generally a good
+ idea to leave this set to \emph{Yes}.
+
+\item[admin_notify_mchanges]
+ This variable controls whether the list administrators should get
+ notifications when members join or leave the list.
+
+\item[respond_to_post_requests]
+ This variable controls whether the original sender of a posting
+ gets a notice when their message is held for moderator approval.
+
+\end{description}
+
+\subsubsection{Additional settings}
+
+This section contains some miscellaneous settings for your mailing
+list.
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[emergency]
+ When this option is enabled, all list traffic is emergency
+ moderated, i.e. held for moderation. Turn this option on when
+ your list is experiencing a flamewar and you want a cooling off
+ period.
+
+\item[new_member_options]
+ Each member has a set of subscription options which they can use
+ to control how they receive messages and otherwise interact with
+ the list. While the members can change these settings by logging
+ into their personal options page, you might want to set the
+ default for a number of the member options. You can do that with
+ this variable, but see also the other categories for other member
+ defaults you can set.
+
+ This variable presents a set of checkboxes which control the
+ defaults for some of the member options. \emph{Conceal the
+ member's address} specifies whether or not the address is
+ displayed in the list roster. \emph{Acknowledge the member's
+ posting} controls whether or not Mailman sends an acknowledgement
+ to a member when they post a message to the list. \emph{Do not
+ send a copy of a member's own post} specifies whether a member
+ posting to the list will get a copy of their own posting.
+ \emph{Filter out duplicate messages to list members (if possible)}
+ specifies whether members who are explicitly listed as a recipient
+ of a message (e.g. via the \mailheader{Cc} header) will also get a
+ copy from Mailman.
+
+ Of course, members can always override these defaults by making
+ changes on their membership options page.
+
+\item[administrivia]
+ This option specifies whether Mailman will search posted messages
+ for \emph{admimistrivia}, in other words, email commands which
+ usually should be posted to the \code{-request} address for the
+ list. Setting this to \emph{Yes} helps prevent such things as
+ unsubscribe messages getting erroneously posted to the list.
+
+ If a message seems to contain administrivia, it is held for
+ moderator approval.
+
+\item[max_message_size]
+ This option specifies a maximum message size, in kilobytes, over
+ which the message will be held for moderator approval.
+
+\item[host_name]
+ This option specifies the host name part of email addresses used
+ by this list. For example, this is the \code{example.com} part of
+ the posting address \code{mylist@example.com}.
+
+ It's generally not a good idea to change this value, since its
+ default value is specified when the mailing list is created.
+ Changing this to an incorrect value could make it difficult to
+ contact your mailing list. Also not that the url used to visit
+ the list's pages is not configurable through the web interface.
+ This is because if you messed it up, you'd have to have the site
+ administrator fix it.
+
+\item[include_rfc2369_headers]
+ \rfc{2369} is an internet standard that describes a bunch of
+ headers that mailing list managers should add to messages to make
+ it easier for people to interact with the list. Mail reading
+ programs which support this standard may provide buttons for easy
+ access to the list's archives, or for subscribing and
+ unsubscribing to the list. It's generally a good idea to enable
+ these headers as it provides for an improved user experience.
+ These headers are often called the \code{List-*} headers.
+
+ However, not all mail readers are standards compliant yet, and if
+ you have a large number of members who are using non-compliant
+ mail readers, they may be annoyed at these headers. You should
+ first try to educate your members as to why these headers exist,
+ and how to hide them in their mail clients. As a last resort you
+ can disable these headers, but this is not recommended.
+
+\item[include_list_post_header]
+ The \mailheader{List-Post} header is one of the headers
+ recommended by \rfc{2369}. However for some announce-only mailing
+ lists, only a very select group of people are allowed to post to
+ the list; the general membership is usually not allowed to post to
+ such lists. For lists of this nature, the \mailheader{List-Post}
+ header is misleading. Select \emph{No} to disable the inclusion
+ of this header. (This does not affect the inclusion of the other
+ \code{List-*} headers.)
+\end{description}
+
+\subsection{The Passwords Category}
+As mentioned above, there are two primary administrative roles for
+mailing lists. In this category you can specify the password for
+these roles.
+
+The list owner has total control over the configuration of their
+mailing list (within some bounds as specified by the site
+administrator). Note that on this page, for historical reasons, the
+list owner role is described here as the \emph{list administrator}.
+You can set the list owner's password by entering it in the password
+field on the left. You must type it twice for confirmation. Note
+that if you forget this password, the only way for you to get back
+into your list's administrative pages is to ask the site administrator
+to reset it for you (there's no password reminders for list owners).
+
+If you want to delegate list moderation to someone else, you can enter
+a different moderator password in the field on the right (typed twice
+for confirmation). Note that if you aren't going to delegate
+moderation, and the same people are going to both configure the list
+and moderate postings to the list, don't enter anything into the
+moderator password fields. If you do enter a separate moderator
+password, be sure to fill in the \code{moderator} variable in the
+\emph{General options} category page.
+
+\subsection{The Language Options Category}
+Mailman is multilingual and internationalized, meaning you can set up
+your list so that members can interact with it in any of a number of
+natural languages. Of course, Mailman won't translate list
+postings. :)
+
+However, if your site administrator has enabled its support, you can
+set your list up to support any of about two dozen languages, such as
+German, Italian, Japanese, or Spanish. Your list members can then
+choose any of your supported languages as their \emph{preferred
+language} for interacting with the list. Such things as their member
+options page will be displayed in this language. Each mailing list
+also has its own \emph{preferred language} which is the language the
+list supports if no other language context is known.
+
+These variables control the language settings for your mailing list:
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[preferred_language]
+ This is the list's preferred language, which is the language that
+ the list administrative pages will be displayed in. Also any
+ messages sent to the list owners by Mailman will be sent in this
+ language. This option is presented as a drop-down list containing
+ the language enabled in the \code{available_languages} variable.
+
+\item[available_languages]
+ This set of checkboxes contains all the natural languages that
+ your site administrator has made available to your mailing lists.
+ Select any language that you'd either like your members to be able
+ to view the list in, or that you'd like to be able to use in your
+ list's \code{preferred_language} variable.
+
+\item[encode_ascii_prefixes]
+ If your mailing list's preferred language uses a non-ASCII
+ character set and the \code{subject_prefix} contains non-ASCII
+ characters, the prefix will always be encoded according to the
+ relevant standards. However, if your subject prefix contains only
+ ASCII characters, you may want to set this option to \emph{Never}
+ to disable prefix encoding. This can make the subject headers
+ slightly more readable for users with mail readers that don't
+ properly handle non-ASCII encodings.
+
+ Note however, that if your mailing list receives both encoded and
+ unencoded subject headers, you might want to choose \emph{As
+ needed}. Using this setting, Mailman will not encode ASCII
+ prefixes when the rest of the header contains only ASCII
+ characters, but if the original header contains non-ASCII
+ characters, it will encode the prefix. This avoids an ambiguity
+ in the standards which could cause some mail readers to display
+ extra, or missing spaces between the prefix and the original
+ header.
+\end{description}
+
+\subsection{The Membership Management Category}
+
+The \emph{Membership Management} category is unlike the other
+administrative categories. It doesn't contain configuration variables
+or list settings. Instead, it presents a number of pages that allow
+you to manage the membership of you list. This includes pages for
+subscribing and unsubscribing members, and for searching for members,
+and for changing various member-specific settings.
+
+More details on membership management are described in the Membership
+Management section.
+
+\subsection{The Non-digest Options Category}
+
+Mailman delivers messages to users via two modes. List members can
+elect to receive postings in bundles call \emph{digests} one or a few
+times a day, or they can receive messages immediately whenever the
+message is posted to the list. This latter delivery mode is also
+called \emph{non-digest delivery}. There are two administrative
+categories available for separately controlling digest and non-digest
+delivery. You can even disable one or the other forms of delivery
+(but not both).
+
+Both kinds of delivery can have list-specific headers and footers
+added to them which can contain other useful information you want your
+list members to see. For example, you can include instructions for
+unsubscribing, or a url to the lists digest, or any other information.
+
+Non-digest deliveries can also be \emph{personalized} which means
+certain parts of the message can contain information tailored to the
+member receiving the message. For example, the \mailheader{To} header
+will contain the address of the member when deliveries are
+personalized. Footers and headers can contain personalized
+information as well, such as a link to the individual user's options
+page.
+
+In addition, personalized messages will contain extra information that
+Mailman can use to unambiguously track bounces from members.
+Ordinarily, Mailman does some pattern recognition on bounce messages
+to determine list members whose addresses are no longer valid, but
+because of the vagaries of mail systems, and the countless forwards
+people can put in place, it's often the case that bounce messages
+don't contain any useful information in them. Personalized messages
+avoid this problem by encoding information in certain headers that
+unambiguously identify the recipient of a message. If that message
+bounces, Mailman will know exactly which member it was intended for.
+
+Note that because personalization requires extra system resources, it
+must be enabled by the site administrator before you can choose it.
+
+Here are the variables which control non-digest delivery:
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[nondigestable]
+ This option controls whether members can receive immediate
+ delivery or not. If not, they will be forced to receive messages
+ in digests. You can't disable non-digest delivery if digests are
+ already disabled.
+
+\item[personalize]
+ This option turns on message personalization.
+
+\item[msg_header]
+ This text box lets you enter information that will be included in
+ the header of every non-digest message sent through the
+ list.
+
+ See below for more information on what can go in the headers and
+ footers. If you leave this text box empty, no header will be
+ added.
+
+\item[msg_footer]
+ Just like with the header, you can add a footer to every message.
+ The same rules apply to footers as apply to headers.
+\end{description}
+
+Headers and footers can contain any text you want. For non-English
+lists, the headers and footers can contain any character in the
+character set of the list's preferred language. The headers and
+footers can also contain \emph{substitution variables} which Mailman
+will fill in with information taken from the mailing list. These
+substitutions are in Python string interpolation format, where
+something like \code{\%(list_name)s} is substituted with he name of
+the mailing list. Note that the trailing \samp{s} is
+required\footnote{The site administrator can configure lists to use a
+simpler interpolation format, where \code{\$list_name} or
+\code{\$\{list_name\}} would be substituted with the mailing list's
+name. Ask your site administrator if the've configured your list this
+way.}.
+
+For example, a footer containing the following text:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+This is the \%(list_name)s mailing list
+Description: \%(description)s
+\end{verbatim}
+
+might get attached to postings like so:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+This is the Example mailing list
+Description: An example of Mailman mailing lists
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Here is the list of substitution variables available for your headers
+and footers:
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[real_name]
+ This is the value of the \code{real_name} configuration variable
+ in the General options category.
+
+\item[list_name]
+ This is the canonical name of the mailing list. In other words
+ it's the posting address of the list\footnote{For backward
+ compatibility, the variable \code{_internal_name} is
+ equivalent.}.
+
+\item[host_name]
+ This is the domain name part of the email address for this list.
+
+\item[web_page_url]
+ This is the base url for contacting the list via the web. It can
+ be appended with \code{listinfo/\%(list_name)s} to yield the
+ general list information page for the mailing list.
+
+\item[description]
+ The brief description of the mailing list.
+
+\item[info]
+ This is the full description of the mailing list.
+
+\item[cgiext]
+ This is the extension added to CGI scripts. It might be the empty
+ string, \code{.cgi}, or something else depending on how your site
+ is configured.
+\end{description}
+
+Note that \code{real_name}, \code{host_name}, \code{description}, and
+\code{info} substitution variables take their values from the list
+configuration variables of the same name.
+
+When personalization is enabled, the following substitution variables
+are also available:
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[user_address]
+ The address of the recipient of the message, coerced to lower case.
+
+\item[user_delivered_to]
+ The case-preserved address that the user subscribed to the mailing
+ list with\footnote{Usually it makes no difference which of
+ \code{user_address} and \code{user_delivered_to} is used, but it's
+ important to remember that they can be different. When they're
+ different, Mailman always uses the lower case address as the key
+ to the member's subscription information, but it always delivers
+ messages to the case-preserved version.}.
+
+\item[user_password]
+ The user's password, in clear text.
+
+\item[user_name]
+ The user's full name.
+
+\item[user_optionsurl]
+ The url to the user's personal options page.
+\end{description}
+
+\subsection{The Digest Options Category}
+
+Digest delivery is a way to bundle many articles together into one
+package, which can be delivered once per day (if there were any posted
+articles), or whenever the package is bigger than a specified limit.
+Some users may prefer this style of delivery for higher traffic lists
+since they will receive fewer messages.
+
+Mailman supports two standard digest formats, and if digests are
+enabled, users can select which of the two formats they receive. One
+is MIME digests, where each message is an attachment inside a
+\mimetype{multipart/digest}. This format also contains a summary
+table of contents, and of course the an optional header and footer,
+and it retains most of the headers of the original messages.
+
+The second type is called ``plaintext'' digests because they are
+readable in mail readers that don't support MIME. Actually, they
+adhere to the \rfc{1153} digest standard. The retain some, but not
+all of the original messages, but can also include a summary and
+headers and footers.
+
+Like non-digest delivery, you can enable or disable digest delivery,
+but you cannot disable both types of delivery. You can specify
+different headers and footers for digest and non-digest deliveries.
+You cannot personalize digest deliveries.
+
+As list administrator, you may want to send an urgent message to all
+list members, bypassing the normal digest bundling. To do this, send
+the message with a \mailheader{Urgent} header, where the value of the
+header is the list administrator's password. Non-digest members will
+receive the message like normal, but digest members will receive the
+message immediately\footnote{They'll also receive the message in the
+digest.}.
+
+Here are the variables which control digest delivery:
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[digestable]
+ The option controls whether members can receive digest deliveries
+ or not. If not, they will be forced to receive immediate
+ deliveries. You can't disable digests if non-digests are already
+ disabled.
+
+\item[digest_is_default]
+ Controls which style of delivery is the default for new members.
+ You can choose \emph{Regular} (non-digest) or \emph{Digest}
+ delivery.
+
+\item[mime_is_default_digest]
+ If a member is allowed to choose digests, this variable controls
+ which is the default digest style they will receive. \emph{Plain}
+ digests are \rfc{1153} format as described above.
+
+\item[digest_size_threshold]
+ Normally, digest members get at least one message per day, if
+ there have been any messages posted to the list. However, for
+ high volume lists, you may want to send out digests when the size
+ has reached a certain threshold, otherwise, the one digest they
+ receive could be huge. This variable controls the size threshold
+ by specifying the maximum digest size in kilobytes. Note that
+ this threshold isn't exact. Set this variable to zero to specify
+ that there is no size threshold, in which case no more than one
+ digest will be sent out per day.
+
+\item[digest_send_periodic]
+ This variable actually controls whether or not a digest is sent
+ daily when the size threshold has not yet been met. If set to
+ \emph{No}, then digests will only be sent when they are bigger
+ than \code{digest_size_threshold}.
+
+\item[digest_header]
+ This text box lets you enter information that will be included in
+ the header of every digest message sent through the list. The
+ same information can go in this header as can go in the
+ \code{msg_header}, except for the personalization variables.
+
+\item[digest_footer]
+ Just like with the header, you can add a footer to every message.
+ The same rules apply to digest footers as apply to digest headers.
+
+\item[digest_volume_frequency]
+ Each digest is numbered with a volume and an issue. This variable
+ controls how often a new digest volume is sent. When the digest
+ volume number is incremented, the issue number is reset to 1.
+
+\item[_new_volume]
+ This is an action variable, which forces an increment of the
+ volume number as soon as you submit the form.
+
+\item[_send_digest_now]
+ This is another action variable. Select \emph{Yes}, submit the
+ form, and the current digest is packaged up and sent to digest
+ members, regardless of size (well, there has to be at least one
+ message in the digest).
+\end{description}
+
+\subsection{The Privacy Options Category}
+
+The Privacy category lets you control how much of the list's
+information is public, as well as who can send messages to your list.
+It also contains some spam detection filters. Note that this section
+is not used to control whether your list's archives are public or
+private; for that, use the \ref{Archiving options} category.
+
+There are four sub-categories:
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Subscription rules -- i.e. the rules for joining and leaving
+ your mailing list
+
+\item Sender filters -- the rules for who may post messages to your
+ list
+
+\item Recipient filters -- moderation rules based on the recipient of
+ the message
+
+\item Spam filters -- some regular expression based rules for header
+ matching
+\end{itemize}
+
+The sender, recipient, and spam filtering rules are part of the
+general list moderation features of Mailman. When a message is posted
+to the list, it is matched against a number of criteria, the outcome
+of which determines whether the message is reflected to the membership
+or not. In general, the outcome is one of four states:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+\item Approved or Accepted -- the message may be sent on to the
+ members of the mailing list.
+
+\item Hold -- the message will be held for moderator approval. The
+ list owners and moderators will then have to explicitly approve
+ the message before the list members will see it.
+
+\item Reject -- the message is bounced back to the original sender,
+ often with a notice containing the reason the message was
+ rejected. The list members never see rejected messages.
+
+\item Discard -- the message is simply thrown away without further
+ processing.
+\end{itemize}
+
+Many of the fields in this section are text boxes accepting addresses,
+one per line. Unless otherwise noted, these also accept regular
+expressions which will be matched against an address, if the line
+begins with a \^ (caret) character.
+
+\subsubsection{Subscription rules}
+
+This subcategory controls the rules for exposing the existance of this
+list, and for what new members must do in order to subscribe to the
+list.
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[advertised]
+ This option controls whether this list will show up in the list
+ overview for the site. Normally, an overview contains the name
+ and short description of every mailing list in the virtual
+ domain. By setting this variable to \emph{No}, it will not show
+ up in this overview, nor will it show up in the administrative
+ overview. The only way then to find the list is to guess (or
+ know!) its name.
+
+\item[subscribe_policy]
+ This option controls the steps that a new member must take to join
+ the list. The available options may differ based on some defaults
+ that the site administrator chooses. They are:
+
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item None -- No verification is done on the subscribing
+ member. This is also called \emph{open subscriptions} and is
+ generally disabled by default. The site administrator must
+ allow list admins to choose this option; if not, this option
+ will not be presented to you.
+
+ \item Confirm -- An email confirmation step is required before the
+ address is added to the list. When a member requests
+ subscription, either via the web page or by sending a
+ message to \var{yourlist}\code{-join@example.com}, Mailman
+ will send a confirmation message to the requesting address.
+ This mail-back confirmation contains a unique identifier,
+ which the requester can present to Mailman in order to
+ confirm their subscription. This can be done either by
+ replying to the mail-back, or by visiting the url in the
+ mail-back message. The url points to a page that lets the
+ user either discard or confirm their request.
+
+ \item Require approval -- All subscription requests are held for
+ approval of the list moderator. No mail-back confirmation
+ is sent, but the list admins will recieve a message
+ indicating that approval is pending.
+
+ \item Confirm and approve -- Here, a mail-back notice must first
+ be confirmed by the requester. Once confirmed, the list
+ moderator must then approve the request. This is the most
+ secure method for users to subscribe since it both verifies
+ the requesting address, and forces the list moderators to
+ approve the request.
+
+ \end{itemize}
+
+\item[unsubscribe_policy]
+ Specifies whether the list moderator's approval is required for
+ unsubscription requests. \emph{No} is highly recommended, since
+ it is exceedingly impolite to not allow people to leave a mailing
+ list whenever they want (i.e. opt-out). \emph{Yes} is useful in
+ some specialized contexts; e.g. you may not want to allow
+ employees to unsubscribe from the company newsletter.
+
+\item[ban_list]
+ This contains a list of addresses (or regular expressiosn), one
+ per line, that are banned from ever subscribing to your mailing
+ list. If a match occurs during the subscription process, the
+ request will be automatically rejected, and the requester will get
+ a rejection notice. You can use this to permanently ban
+ troublesome posters to a members-only list.
+
+\item[private_roster]
+ This specifies who is allowed to view the roster of member
+ addresses. If you choose \emph{Anyone}, then the list membership
+ is completely public. You can limit exposure of the roster to
+ just list members, or just to the list administrators. In the
+ former case, a user must enter a valid member's address and
+ password before they can view the roster. In the latter case, a
+ list administrator's password must be enter; if a matching admin
+ password is entered, address field is ignored.
+
+\item[obscure_addresses]
+ Controls whether some simple obfuscation of addresses is used when
+ member addresses are included on web pages. This should reduce
+ the opportunity for email address harvesting by spammers, although
+ it probably doesn't eliminate it.
+\end{description}
+
+\subsubsection{Sender filters}
+
+When a message is posted to the list, a series of moderation criteria are
+applied to determine the disposition of the message. This section
+contains the modeation controls for postings from both members and
+non-members.
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[default_member_moderation]
+ Member postings are held for moderation if their \emph{moderation
+ flag} is turned on. Note that only the list administrators can
+ change the value of a member's moderation flag.
+
+ You can control whether new members get their moderation flag
+ turned on or off by default when they subscribe to the list. By
+ turning this flag off by default, postings by members will be
+ allowed without further intervention (barring other restrictions
+ such as size or implicit recipient lists -- see below). By
+ turning the flag on, you can quarantine new member postings to
+ make sure that they meet your criteria for netiquette, topicality,
+ etc. Once you determine that the new member understands the
+ community's posting rules, you can turn off their moderation flag
+ and let their postings go through unstopped.
+
+ E-newsletter style lists can also be set up by using the
+ moderation flag. By setting the \code{member_moderation_action}
+ to \emph{Reject}, and by turning off the moderation flag for just
+ the few approved senders, your list will operate in essentially a
+ one-way direction. Note that you'd also need to reject or discard
+ postings from non-members.
+
+\item[member_moderation_action]
+ This is the action to take for postings from a member who's
+ moderation flag is set. For typical discussion lists, you'll
+ likely set this to \emph{Hold} so that the list moderator will get
+ a chance to manually approve, reject, or discard the message. For
+ e-newsletter and announcement lists, you might want to set this to
+ \emph{Reject} or \emph{Discard}.
+
+ Note that when a moderated member posts to your list, and the
+ \code{member_moderation_action} is set to \emph{Hold}, the message
+ will appear on the administrative requests page. When you dispose
+ of the message, you will be given an opportunity to clear the
+ moderation flag at the same time. If you're quarantining new
+ posts, this makes it very convenient to both approve a new
+ member's post and de-moderate them at the same time.
+
+\item[member_moderation_notice]
+ When a member's moderation flag is turned on and
+ \code{member_moderation_action} is \emph{Reject}, this variable
+ contains the text sent in the rejection notice.
+\end{description}
+
+The next batch of variables controls what happens when non-members
+post messages to the list. Each of these accepts one email address
+per line; regular expressions are allowed if the line starts with the
+\^ (caret) character. These address lists are always consulted in the
+order in which they're presented on this page (i.e. accepts first,
+followed by holds, rejections, and discards).
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[accept_these_nonmembers]
+ Postings from non-members whose addresses match this list are
+ accepted, barring other list restrictions due to size, implicit
+ recipients, etc. You might want to add alternative addresses of
+ approved posters to this list.
+
+\item[hold_these_nonmembers]
+ Postings from non-members whose addresses match this list are
+ held for moderator approval.
+
+\item[reject_these_nonmembers]
+ Postings from non-members whose addresses match this list are
+ rejected, i.e. bounced back to the original sender. There
+ currently is no way to add additional text to the rejection
+ message.
+
+\item[discard_these_nonmembers]
+ Postings from non-members whose addresses match this list are
+ discarded, with no bounce back message. You might want to add the
+ addresses of known spammers to this list.
+
+\item[generic_nonmember_action]
+ This variable controls what happens to non-member posts when the
+ address of the sender doesn't match any of the above four lists.
+ If you set this to \emph{Hold}, the posting will appear on the
+ administrative requests page, and you will be given an opportunity
+ to add the non-member to one of the above four lists at the same
+ time you dispose of the held message.
+
+\item[forward_auto_discards]
+ When messages from non-members are discarded, either because the
+ sender address matched \code{discard_these_nonmembers}, or because
+ \code{generic_nonmember_action} is \emph{Discard}, you can choose
+ whether such messages are forwarded to the lsit administrators or
+ not.
+\end{description}
+
+\subsubsection{Recipient Filters}
+
+The variables in this section control various filters based on the
+recipient of the message.
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[require_explicit_destination]
+ This controls whether the mailing list posting address must be
+ explicitly named in the \mailheader{To} or \mailheader{Cc}
+ recipient lists. The main reason why it wouldn't is if the
+ message was blind-carbon-copied (i.e. \mailheader{Bcc}'d) to the
+ list. Spammers like to do this, but sometimes legitimate messages
+ are forwarded to the list this way.
+
+ If the list is not explicitly addressed and this setting is turned
+ on, the message will be held for moderator approval.
+
+\item[acceptable_aliases]
+ This is the list of alternative addresses that are acceptable as a
+ list posting address when \code{require_explicit_destination} is
+ enabled. This is useful for when there aliases for the main
+ posting address (e.g. \code{help@example.com} may be an alias for
+ \code{help-list@example.com}).
+
+\item[max_num_recipients]
+ This is the maximum number of explicit recipients that are allowed
+ on the posted message. Spammers sometimes send messages with lots
+ of explicit recipients, so setting this number to a reasonable
+ value may cut down on spam.
+\end{description}
+
+\subsubsection{Spam Filters}
+
+This section provides some adjuncts to spam fighting tools; it
+doesn't replace dedicated anti-spam tools such as SpamAssassin or
+Spambayes.
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[bounce_matching_headers]
+ This variable contains header regular expressions, one per line,
+ and if any of a message's headers matches one of these patterns,
+ it will be held for moderation. The format is a colon separated
+ header and value, where the header is case insensitive and the
+ value is any valid Python regular expression. Lines that start
+ with \# are ignored.
+
+ This variable can be used to catch known spammers by writing
+ regexps that match against \mailheader{To} or \mailheader{Cc}
+ lines, or known-bad \mailheader{Message-ID}s. Perhaps more useful
+ though are patterns that match headers added by spam detection
+ tools higher up in the tool chain. For example, you might
+ configure SpamAssassin to add an \mailheader{X-Spam-Score} header
+ with between zero and 5 stars depending on the spam score. Then
+ you can add a line to this variable like:
+
+ \begin{verbatim}
+ X-Spam-Score: [*]{3,5}
+ \end{verbatim}
+
+ This line will match from 3 to 5 stars in the value of this
+ field.
+\end{description}
+
+\subsection{The Bounce Processing Category}
+
+These policies control the automatic bounce processing system in
+Mailman. Here's an overview of how it works:
+
+When a bounce is received, Mailman tries to extract two pieces of
+information from the message: the address of the member the message
+was intended for, and the severity of the problem causing the bounce.
+The severity can be either \emph{hard} for fatal errors, or
+\emph{soft} for transient errors. When in doubt, a hard severity is
+used.
+
+If no member address can be extracted from the bounce, then the bounce
+message is usually discarded. Every member has a \emph{bounce score},
+initialized at zero, and every time we encounter a bounce from a
+member we increment that member's score. Hard bounces increment by 1
+while soft bounces increment by 0.5. We only increment the bounce
+score once per day, so even if we receive ten hard bounces from a
+member per day, their score will increase by only 1 for that day.
+
+When a member's bounce score is greater than the \emph{bounce score
+threshold} (see below), the member's subscription is disabled. Once
+disabled, the member will not receive any postings from the list until
+their membership is explicitly re-enabled, either by the list
+administrator or the user. However, they will receive occasional
+reminders that their membership has been disabled, and these reminders
+will include information about how to re-enable their membership. You
+can control both the number of reminders the member will receive and
+the frequency with which these reminders are sent.
+
+There is one other important configuration variable; after a certain
+period of time -- during which no bounces from the member are received
+-- the bounce information is considered stale and discarded. Thus by
+adjusting this value, and the score threshold, you can control how
+quickly bouncing members are disabled. You should tune both of these
+to the frequency and traffic volume of your list.
+
+\begin{description}
+
+\item[bounce_processing]
+ Specifies whether or not this list should do automatic bounce
+ processing.
+
+\item[bounce_score_threshold]
+ This is the bounce score above which a member's subscription will
+ be automatically disabled. When the subscription is re-enabled,
+ their bounce score will be reset to zero. This value can be a
+ floating point number.
+
+\item[bounce_info_stale_after]
+ Thenumber of days after which a member's bounce information is
+ considered stale. If no new bounces have been received in the
+ interrim, the bounce score is reset to zero. This value must be
+ an integer.
+
+\item[bounce_you_are_disabled_warnings]
+ The number of notices a disabled member will receive before their
+ address is removed from the mailing list's roster. Set this to 0
+ to immediately remove an address from the list once their bounce
+ score exceeds the threshold. This value must be an integer.
+
+\item[bounce_you_are_disabled_warnings_interval]
+ The number of days between each disabled notification.
+
+\item[bounce_unrecognized_goes_to_list_owner]
+ This variable controls whether unrecognized bounces are discarded,
+ or forwarded on the list administrator. The bounce detector isn't
+ perfect, although personalization can make it much more accurate.
+ The list owner may want to receive unrecognized bounces so that
+ they can manually disable or remove such members.
+\end{description}
+
+\subsection{The Archiving Options Category}
+\subsection{The Mail/News Gateway Category}
+\subsection{The Auto-responder Category}
+\subsection{The Content Filtering Category}
+\subsection{The Topics Category}
+
+\section{Membership Management}
+\section{Tending to Pending Moderator Requests}
+\section{Editing the Public HTML Pages}
+\section{Deleting the Mailing List}
+
+\appendix
+
+\section{This is an Appendix}
+
+To create an appendix in a Python HOWTO document, use markup like
+this:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+\appendix
+
+\section{This is an Appendix}
+
+To create an appendix in a Python HOWTO document, ....
+
+
+\section{This is another}
+
+Just add another \section{}, but don't say \appendix again.
+\end{verbatim}
+
+
+\end{document}
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